Definition: Infinitive is the base form of the verb. The infinitive form of a verb is the form which follows "to".
For example:
· (to) go, (to) be,(to) ask, (to) fight, (to) understand, (to) walk .
Infinitives may occur with or without the infinitive marker "to". Infinitives without "to" are known as "bare infinitives".
For example:
· Help me open the door.
OTHER FORMS
The infinitive can have the following forms:
The infinitive can have the following forms:
1. The perfect infinitive
to have + past participle
For example: to have broken, to have seen, to have saved.
This form is most commonly found in Type 3 conditional sentences, using the conditional perfect.
For example:
to have + past participle
For example: to have broken, to have seen, to have saved.
This form is most commonly found in Type 3 conditional sentences, using the conditional perfect.
For example:
§ If I had known you were coming I would have baked a cake.
§ Someone must have broken the window and climbed in.
§ I would like to have seen the Taj Mahal when I was in India.
§ He pretended to have seen the film.
§ If I'd seen the ball I would have caught it.
2. The continuous infinitive
to be + present participle
For example: to be swimming, to be joking, to be waiting
Examples:
to be + present participle
For example: to be swimming, to be joking, to be waiting
Examples:
§ I'd really like to be swimming in a nice cool pool right now.
§ You must be joking!
§ I happened to be waiting for the bus when the accident happened.
3. The perfect continuous infinitive
to have been + present participle
Examples: to have been crying, to have been waiting, to have been painting
Examples:
to have been + present participle
Examples: to have been crying, to have been waiting, to have been painting
Examples:
§ The woman seemed to have been crying.
§ You must have been waiting for hours!
§ He pretended to have been painting all day.
4. The passive infinitive
to be + past participle
For example: to be given, to be shut, to be opened
Examples:
to be + past participle
For example: to be given, to be shut, to be opened
Examples:
§ I am expecting to be given a pay-rise next month.
§ These doors should be shut.
§ This window ought to be opened.
NOTE: As with the present infinitive, there are situations where the "to" is omitted.
Examples
- He claimed to be an expert.
- I managed to reach the top of the hill.
- Don't pretend that you know the answer.
- She failed to explain the problem clearly.
- The customs man demanded to search our luggage.
- I can't afford to go out tonight.
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